By Linn Winge
Karen McGlathery is an environmental science professor at the University of Virginia. When she used to swim in the coastal bays of Virginiaâs Eastern Shore, the water quickly turned brown and cloudy due to sediment that swirled up from the ocean floor. Today, 25 years later, the water remains clear.
After almost 20 years of restoration, the sediment is attached to the seafloor by lush green seagrass meadows and is teeming with underwater life. McGlathery says to Reasons To Be Cheerful:
âItâs like this beautiful underwater prairie. Itâs just gorgeous.â
She is part of a team that manages the worldâs largest and one of the most successful seagrass restoration projects. According to a 2020 research paper published in Science Advances, the two-decades-long restoration project is a âblueprint for restoring and maintaining healthy ecosystemsâ. As stated in the research paper the project is also proof that marine habitats can bounce back in a way thatâs self-sustaining.
The whole restoration project started with Robert Orth, who was a marine biologist at the Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences (VIMS) (until he retired this year). He started planting seagrass seeds back in 2001 in an attempt to see if it was possible to rebuild the ocean ecosystem. The seeds he planted survived and grew into plants that later on produced their own seeds.
âNature kind of took over,â says Orth. âWhile we continue to put seeds in areas that donât have eelgrass, nature has been spreading eelgrass naturally.â
The project team, together with volunteers, has sown almost 75 million seeds over the past two decades. Roughly 9 000 acres of coastal bays are now covered in seagrass, which in turn have improved water quality, increased marine biodiversity, and helped diminish climate change by capturing and storing carbon.
Seagrass is one of the most at-risk ecosystems due to stormwater and rising ocean temperatures among others. Restoration projects like this are helpful in more than one way.